Cartesian systems are typically 2-axis (X-Y), or 3-axis (X-Y-Z). If more axis of motion are required then a Robot often becomes a more cost-effective solution.
A single axis (X) of motion can be used to apply a single linear bead or multiple parallel beads.
2-axis of motion (X-Y) can be used for full surface bonding applications like panel lamination; applying beads in parallel or diamond bead patterns.
3-axis of motion (X-Y-Z) can be used for bead application on two-dimensional and simple three-dimensional parts.
System travel (work envelope) and duty are specified to suit each application.